Metals and Alloys and Their Properties
| Metal/Alloy |
Symbol |
Specific
Gravity |
Melting Point |
IACS
Rating* |
Density
(lb/in3) |
| °C |
°F |
| Aluminum |
Al |
2.71 |
660 |
1,220 |
64.90 |
.0978 |
| Antimony |
Sb |
6.62 |
630 |
1,167 |
4.42 |
.2390 |
| Arsenic |
As |
5.73 |
817 |
1,502 |
4.90 |
.2070 |
| Beryllium |
Be |
1.83 |
1,280 |
2,336 |
9.32 |
.0660 |
| Bismuth |
Bi |
9.80 |
271 |
520 |
1.50 |
.3540 |
| Brass (70‑30) |
-- |
8.51 |
900 |
1,652 |
28 |
.3070 |
| Bronze (5% Sn) |
-- |
8.87 |
1,000 |
1,382 |
18 |
.3200 |
| Cadmium |
Cd |
8.65 |
321 |
610 |
22.70 |
.3120 |
| Calcium |
Ca |
1.55 |
850 |
1,562 |
50.10 |
.0560 |
| Cobalt |
Co |
8.90 |
1,495 |
2,723 |
17.80 |
.3210 |
| Copper |
Cu |
8.95 |
1,085 |
1,984 |
100 |
.3240 |
| Copper‑Rolled |
-- |
8.89 |
1,083 |
1,981 |
100 |
.3210 |
| Copper‑Tubing |
-- |
8.89 |
1,083 |
1,981 |
100 |
.3210 |
| Gold |
Au |
19.30 |
1,063 |
1,945 |
71.20 |
.6970 |
| Graphite |
-- |
2.25 |
3,500 |
6,332 |
0.22 |
.0812 |
| Indium |
In |
7.30 |
156 |
311 |
20.60 |
.2640 |
| Iridium |
Ir |
22.40 |
2,450 |
4,442 |
32.50 |
.8090 |
| Iron |
Fe |
7.20 |
1,200-1,400 |
2,192-2,552 |
17.60 |
.2600 |
| Iron‑Malleable |
-- |
7.20 |
1,500-1,600 |
2,732-2,912 |
10 |
.2600 |
| Iron‑Wrought |
-- |
7.70 |
1,500-1,600 |
2,732-2,912 |
10 |
.2780 |
| Lead |
Pb |
11.40 |
327 |
621 |
8.35 |
.4120 |
| Magnesium |
Mg |
1.74 |
651 |
1,204 |
38.70 |
.0628 |
| Manganese |
Mn |
7.20 |
1,245 |
2,273 |
0.90 |
.2600 |
| Mercury |
Hg |
13.65 |
-38.90 |
-37.70 |
1.80 |
.4930 |
| Molybdenum |
Mo |
10.20 |
2,620 |
4,748 |
36.10 |
.3680 |
| Monel (63‑37) |
-- |
8.87 |
1,300 |
2,372 |
3 |
3200 |
| Nickel |
Ni |
8.90 |
1,452 |
2,646 |
25 |
.3210 |
| Phosphorus |
P |
1.82 |
44.10 |
111.40 |
10-17 |
.0657 |
| Platinum |
Pt |
21.46 |
1,773 |
3,221 |
17.50 |
.7750 |
| Potassium |
K |
0.86 |
62.30 |
144.10 |
28 |
.0310 |
| Selenium |
Se |
4.81 |
220 |
428 |
14.40 |
.1740 |
| Silicon |
Si |
2.40 |
1,420 |
2,588 |
10-5 |
.0866 |
| Silver |
Ag |
10.50 |
960 |
1,760 |
106 |
.3790 |
| Steel (Carbon) |
-- |
7.84 |
1,330-1,380 |
2,436-2,516 |
10 |
.2830 |
| Steel-Stainless (18‑8) |
-- |
7.92 |
1,500 |
2,732 |
2.50 |
.2860 |
| Steel-Stainless (13‑Cr) |
--- |
7.78 |
1,520 |
2,768 |
3.50 |
.2810 |
| Steel-Stainless (18‑Cr) |
--- |
7.73 |
1,500 |
2,732 |
3 |
.2790 |
| Tantalum |
Ta |
16.60 |
2,900 |
5,414 |
13.90 |
.5990 |
| Tellurium |
Te |
6.20 |
450 |
846 |
10-5 |
.2240 |
| Thorium |
Th |
11.70 |
1,845 |
3,353 |
9.10 |
.4420 |
| Tin |
Sn |
7.30 |
232 |
449 |
15 |
.2640 |
| Titanium |
Ti |
4.50 |
1,800 |
3,272 |
2.10 |
.1620 |
| Tungsten |
W |
19.30 |
3,422 |
6,192 |
31.50 |
.6970 |
| Uranium |
U |
18.70 |
1,130 |
2,066 |
2.80 |
.6750 |
| Vanadium |
V |
5.96 |
1,710 |
3,110 |
6.63 |
.2150 |
| Zinc |
Zn |
7.14 |
419 |
786 |
29.10 |
.2580 |
| Zirconium |
Zr |
6.40 |
1,700 |
3,092 |
4.20 |
.2310 |
*The International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS) rating is the percentage of conductivity of a metal or alloy relative to copper.